倒裝句講解

英語最基本的語序是主語在前，謂語動詞在後。但有時由於句子結搆的需要或表示強調，就要採用倒裝形式。將謂語動詞完全移到主語之前稱爲完全倒裝，衹將助動詞或情態動詞放到主語之前稱爲部分倒裝。強調性倒裝和以so, neither, nor開頭的句子是高考例題的熱點。

（一）倒裝句的意義

1、適應一定的語法結搆的需要，主要是指疑問句句型結搆的需要。

e.g. May I come in?

Was the People's Liberation Army founded in 1927?

2、爲了強調某一部分，而把這部分放到句首，搆成倒裝。

e.g. Never have I been late for school this term.

So early did he come to school that no other students came.

（二）倒裝的使用情況

1、在 “there be” 結搆裡，there是引導詞，主語在be後。

e.g. There is a box on the table.

2、在疑問句中。

e.g. Is she singing in the classroom?

What does your mother do?

3、在here, there等副詞開頭的某些句子裡（要用一般現在時態）。如果主語是人稱代詞，主語和主要動詞的詞序不變。（完全倒裝）

e.g. There goes the bell.

Here is an apple for you.

There she comes.

4、重複倒裝句型，用在以so, nor, neither開頭，表示謂語所述的情況也適用於另一個人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用於肯定句，表示“也一樣”、“也這樣”；nor, neither用於否定句，表示“同樣也不，也不這樣”。

e.g. I am watching TV. So is she.

My parents didn't watch TV last night. Neither (Nor) did I.

5、直接引語的全部或一部分放在句首時，主句中的主謂也常直接倒裝。（完全倒裝）

e.g. “Very well,” said the French student.

“Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please.” said he.

6、在以never, little, hardly, not only, few, not, seldom等否定副詞開頭的句子中，採用部分倒裝。如不放在句首就不要倒裝。

e.g. Little did he say at the meeting.

Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army.

比較：I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army.

7、用於以only所脩飾的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句的句子中。倒裝句講解

e.g. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to wrk.

Only in this way can we learn English well.

注意：如果only後的詞組不是狀語，不需倒裝。

e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this.

8、爲了表達生動，有時把表地點、方位的副詞，如 up, down, out, away, in等放在句首，同時把謂語動詞放在主語之前。若主語爲人稱代詞，主語和謂語動詞的位置不變，衹將副詞放在句首。（完全倒裝）

e.g. Away hurried the boy.

Out rushed the girl.

9、在虛擬結搆中，條件從句的謂語含有were, had 和should這三個詞是，可省去if，將這些詞移至主語之前。

e.g. Had I time (= If I had time), I would go and help you.

Were I you (= If I were you), I would go abroad.

Should he come (=If he should come), tell him to ring me up.

10、as引導讓步狀語從句時要倒裝（形容詞/ 副詞/ 名詞/ 動詞 + as + 主語 + 謂語）。

e.g. Proud as they are, they are afraid to see me.

Child as he is, he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠詞）

Hard as he worded, he made little progress.

11、用於某些表示祝願的句子裡。

e.g. May you succeed!

Long live the People's Republic of China!

12、So + 形容詞、副詞及such 置於句首時要倒裝。

So happy did he feel. Such was me.